The information contained on AuthorityTattoo is intended for informational and educational purposes only. Keep it clean, but wash gently. You may even be prone to infections, which can mess up your tattoo and potentially lead to other health complications. These products will help keep your tattoo healthy and free from infection. It's vital to wait until your tattoo is completely dried before moisturizingit with lotion.This will require one to three days. Everyones skin is not the same; hence we shouldnt do anything with our skin without getting proper information about that. Can you do that? However, there are a few causes of itching that, New research highlights the lack of oversight and regulation regarding the production of tattoo ink in the US and suggests some ingredients may carry, After getting a new tattoo, the outer layer of skin will typically appear healed within 2 to 3 weeks. Tattoos: Understand risks and precautions. It creates a barrier on the skin to help lock in moisture, she says [5]. When a man known as Robert Chesebrough observed oil workers using oil jelly to heal their work-related injuries and burns, he figured out that this substance was beneficial in skin protection and the formation of an impermeable water barrier for the skin. What Is a Tap-Out Tattoo Session and Are You Up For The Challenge? The short answer is yes, you can put Vaseline on a tattoo. This means putting clean sheets on the bed, letting air circulate around the tattoo, and changing your sleep position. Applying a layer of Vaseline to the tattoo before swimming can help protect the tattoo from bacteria and other contaminants that may be in the water. All rights reserved. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Signs of an infected tattoo include redness, swelling, and pus. It is also a popular choice for people who have tattoos, as it is believed to help tattoo ink to heal and stay in place. 4 Can I scratch my tattoo after 2 weeks? Why? If you are considering using aloe vera gel on your tattoo, you should speak to your tattoo artist first. Atleast 48 hours nothing should be applied on tattoo. Your tattoo should be fully healed in a month or two, depending on the size, location, and execution of the tattoo. When applying a thick substance onto a tattoo (or products that contain thicker ingredients such as A&D ointment), it can create a moist, humid pocket of trapped air between itself and the skin, which is actually the perfect environment for germs and bacteria to thrive and multiply. It is also used as a base for ointments and creams. Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT. Its important to follow your tattoo artists suggestions for proper aftercare. However, some people may be allergic to petroleum jelly, so its always best to do a patch test first before applying it to a large area. Just apply a thin layer to the area whenever you feel like it needs some extra moisture. Saved Tattoo is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. Vaseline is the name of a popular brand of petroleum jelly. The first wash After usually no less than 5 hours, it is safe to remove the bandage and wash the. Chesebrough discovered that this jelly is effective in skin protection and the creation of a water-protective barrier for the skin. Help! However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Other tattoo aftercare tips include keeping your wound out of the sun or submerged in water. While your tattoo is bandaged, this may allow for a very small window for using Vaseline too, since your tattoo is already covered. It can cause the ink to spread and bleed. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Vaseline along with different other petroleum-based products breaks down materials like latex and nitrile in less than 20 minutes time. Since tattoos are permanent, having an extra layer of protection is beneficial for both the artist and their customers. These products will help keep your tattoo healthy while it heals. It can cause the ink to spread out, making your tattoo look blurry and ruining the colors. Of course, there are some drawbacks to using Vaseline on a tattoo. Be sure to pat it dry afterward. By fresh, I'm referring to the icky-and-gooey kind of fresh, which is what your tattoo is right after you leave the studio. Just as you have to keep your own. Petroleum jelly can be good at temporarily shielding a tattoo against water in the shower, but it should not be used in the long-term as it may set you up for an infection, poor healing, and pigment dropout. Dominique Fontaine, BSN, RN, HNB-BC, HWNC-BC. So, what we recommend is you keep your hands away from the tattoo for the first 24 to 48 hours. Here are some cases where Vaseline use is safe; When dealing with a brand new tattoo, you cant just simply expose it to water. Avoid putting Vaseline on a new tattoo until it has fully healed. Vaseline Can Prolong Healing and Cause Infections. Infections, allergic reactions, and preexisting skin conditions are just a few possible, So you just got a tattoo congrats! You should then proceed to applyasuitable tattoo healing lotionin order to keep the area well hydrated. Its important to make sure that the Vaseline is applied sparingly and that its not allowed to come into contact with any open wounds. The American Academy of Dermatology suggests using water-based moisturizers instead of petroleum-based products because the latter can cause ink fading. aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/tattoos/caring-for-tattooed-skin, journals.lww.com/jdnaonline/Fulltext/2015/07000/Aftercare_Should_Not_be_an_Afterthought__Current.2.aspx, theharrispoll.com/tattoos-can-take-any-number-of-forms-from-animals-to-quotes-to-cryptic-symbols-and-appear-in-all-sorts-of-spots-on-our-bodies-some-visible-in-everyday-life-others-not-so-much-but-one-thi, 17 Easy Ways to Remove Henna from Head to Toe, Is It OK to Get a Tattoo While Pregnant? 4.1 What happens if you don't moisturize your tattoo? Everything You Need To Know Before You File a Lawsuit. At this point, youll need to carefully wash the tattoo wound with antibacterial soap. They will tell you when to remove the bandage and gently wash your tattoo (usually a few hours later). Just because something is popular, doesnt mean its good. Additionally, Vaseline can provide another barrier between the skin and ink. Tattoos are created by injecting ink into the dermis, the second layer of skin. Now, if youre looking for products as an alternative to Vaseline, we have a few effective and high-quality recommendations; As you could see, by using Vaseline on a new tattoo, you can do more harm than good. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Next, apply a thin layer of tattoo aftercare ointment or lotion. Canadian brand Skinfix makes a number of products designed to treat sensitive and compromised skin types, so it's no wonder its Inked Tattoo Balm is . Tattoo Ink Allergies: Symptoms and Treatment, Aftercare Issues / Tattoo Aftercare / Tattoo Healing Issues, 7 Amazing Benefits Of Using Coconut Oil On Your New Tattoo, using petroleum jelly during the tattooing process, over a tattoo before getting into a shower. If you cant avoid exposing your tattoo to the sun, always use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30. You cant shower for a few hours, at least. Gray Ink Tattoos: Everything You Should Know. Be sure to clean the area before you cover it. This, furthermore, indicated the fact that the ink is susceptible to damage as well because the skin hasnt healed just yet. Infections are easy to get, so think of your tattoo as an open wound. Vaseline has several useful benefits, but not to be used regularly on any newly carved tattoo which is under the process of healing. Avoid clothing thats tight or rubs against healing skin. Vaseline, or petroleum jelly, is a mixture of waxes and mineral oil that are semi-solid and can be melted. Inadequate oxygen means that the skin is not healing properly or at all. Dr. Zeichner notes that while Vaseline is safe to use on tattoos, its important to make sure youre not allergic to it first. 4.2 What should you avoid after getting a tattoo? Finally, Vaseline can also help to soothe the skin around tattoos. Learn how to care for your tattoo, what to expect in the first month, the signs of infection, Getting a tattoo or piercing is a big decision. This is where using an ointment like baby Vaseline comes in. How Long Does It Take a Tattoo to Fully Heal? Bumps are, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Apply H2Ocean 3-4 times a day for the first week, then 2-3 times a day for the second week. Your email address will not be published. Vaseline allows the tattoo to heal properly while also effectively moisturising it. Products such as Aquaphor Healing Ointment and A&D Ointment are great alternatives to using Vaseline on a new tattoo. The answer is a little complicated. Heres what you need to do to fix it. https://www.savedtattoo.com/can-i-put-vaseline-on-my-tattoo/, https://greatist.com/health/vaseline-for-tattoo#vaseline-science, https://awesomejelly.com/vaseline-uses-that-you-may-not-know-t2, https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/beauty/a40652813/retinol-and-vitamin-c-together/, https://www.bepanthen.co.uk/bepanthen-range/baby-and-parent/bepanthen-nappy-care-ointment, https://www.healthline.com/health/tattoo-aftercare, https://greatist.com/health/tattoo-aftercare, https://www.savedtattoo.com/showering-with-a-new-tattoo. Vaseline is used by almost all artists during the tattoo process to help lubricate the area, make it easier to wipe off the residual ink, and control bleeding. Vaseline Doesnt Allow the Skin to Breathe If you put Vaseline on a new tattoo, it wont allow the skin to breathe. You should not allow Tattoo to get soaked in water at the time of taking bath. Vaseline is often used for tattoo aftercare as it can help to soothe and moisturize the skin, preventing the tattooed area from drying out and becoming irritated. Leave the ointment or plastic wrap combo your tattooist applies on your skin for a few hours or as directed by the artist. But while the results perfectly arched and defined brows that last for up to three years . First, remove the Vaseline as best you can. A question may come to your mind as Can I use Vaseline on new tattoo? This will trap moisture and bacteria against your skin and can cause an infection. Overall, Vaseline can be a helpful tool for healing a new tattoo. Well, it means that your skin is damaged, irritated and that the tattoo hasnt settled yet in your skin. This is especially helpful for those with sensitive skin or prone to allergic reactions. Modern Healing Advice. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Just like other types of wounds, fresh tattoo wounds need dryness and air in order to heal properly. Water-based lotions are breathable and. This can cause infection and slow down the healing process. Later you can use john son baby oil (cheapest way) in small quantity to make it moisturised. Of course, the Vaseline will interact with the ink and possibly draw it out of the dermis. What to put on tattoos to heal? Aquaphor is a water-based ointment that is non-irritating and hypoallergenic. Improper tattoo aftercare can cause numerous problems for your new ink. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Heres how to spot new and changing moles. This affiliate program is designed to ensure the sites earn advertising revenues by advertising and linking to Amazon and other program sites. Even natural fats such ascoconut oilandcocoa butterare popular choices amongst people who prefer a more organic aftercare routine. Even if your tattoo artist suggests you use Vaseline to moisturize the tattoo, do not listen to them. While its not the ideal situation, its not the end of the world either. You may be able to use Vaseline on a newer tattoo only after its completely healed. Yes, you can use Vaseline on tattoo but on specific occasions. Yes, Vaseline is good for tattoos. What Happens to Your Body When You Eat Too Much Honey, 7 Reasons Not to Drink Too Much Green Tea, Best Shoulder Exercises Without Equipment You Can Do Anywhere, 5 Best Similar Pillowtalk Lip Liner Products, 5 Best Similar Kilian Love DonT Be Shy Products. It can also protect the tattooed skin from harmful bacteria that could cause an infection. Generally, theres no need for Vaseline on a new tattoo whatsoever. Can You Put Vaseline Cocoa Butter On A New Tattoo. Tattoo and Body Piercing Insurance: What Kind of Insurance Do Tattoo Artists Need? Your tattoo artist will likely recommend a thin layer of petroleum jelly, such as Vaseline, to keep the area moist and help your tattoo heal. If your tattoo is not covered by clothing, leave it bare to allow your skin to breathe and heal. Take Vaseline on your fingertip and spread it over the newly designed tattoo (do it when you have the plan to go for a long shower), Now take shower and Vaseline will protect it from water spray. People can technically use Vaseline as a sexual lubricant. It can help them heal and look their best. You can use Vaseline for guarding the tattoo during showering. Home Tattoo Aftercare Can You Put Vaseline On New Tattoos During Aftercare? Apply a small amount of lotion to your tattoo 2-3 times a day. - First, wash your hands with unscented soap and water before touching your new tattoo. As weve seen, petroleum jelly or Vaseline seems great in cases of skin healing, dry skin, prevention of skin damage. Answered By: Dennis Scott Date: created: Jun 28 2022. During the healing process, these fibers break down and reform around the ink particles. If you come across any areas you think are damaged, then get in contact with your tattoo artist, who may agree to touch-up your tattoo (at their discretion). The effects are generally anecdotal and can be adverse in some cases. It forms a barrier and locks down the moisture in the skin, thereby preventing it from drying out. How Long Should A Tattoo Normally Take To Heal? Once your tattoo has healed, you can feel free to moisturize it with Vaseline or any other lotion of your choice. You can put a thin layer of Vaseline on your tattoo before bed to help keep it moisturized. Remove the bandage after 24 hours. CONCLUSION:Humen skin is much sensitive. Be sure your artist covers your new tattoo in a thin layer of petroleum jelly and a bandage. But, is it safe to put it onto freshly tattooed skin? Vaseline Intensive Care Cocoa Radiant Lotion Size: 10 oz 20.3 oz 32 oz Multi A dermatologist-tested Vaseline body lotion for dull, dry skin created with pure Cocoa Butter for a long-lasting, radiant glow. A new tattoo needs good aftercare for it to maintain its colors for many years. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". No, you should not let your tattoo dry out. If you have a new tattoo, you want to keep the area clean and dry to prevent infection, she explains. For this reason, Vaseline has been a go-to and first instinct for not only the artists but seasoned tattoo lovers . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. As we mentioned, placing Vaseline onto a new tattoo can clog it and prevent the skin from breaking. Let it sit for a few minutes before wiping away any excess. Is Vaseline Good For Fresh Tattoos Vaseline is often recommended for keeping a new tattoo clean and moisturized. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Petroleum jelly has been widely used since 1872 for irritated skin, and it has been deemed a revolutionary product, which has later been branded as Vaseline. This will help to lock in moisture and will give your tattoo a chance to heal overnight. During that time, you should avoid playing with and sprinkling water on the tattoo as much as possible. Although this breakdown of materials will not be visual to the eye, the structural changes within the gloves will begin to allow microscopic particles to transfer through them. This means that it forms a physical barrier on the skin to lock in moisture [4]. Learn more about: Privacy Policy. 1. What if Im Already Using Vaseline on My New Tattoo? It's also essential for helping your skin restructure. Air moving over a wound helps the healing process. Vaseline is good for tattoos because it helps to keep the tattooed area moisturized and protected. While petroleum-based products such as Vaseline are things that many people would generally associate with being good at protecting and healing wounds, they can actually be counterproductive when used on a new tattoo. You need to Coat the tattooed area with Vaseline only at the time of taking showers in order to keep a check on the Tattoo from getting soaking wet. Once your tattoo has healed, switch to a water-based moisturizer to keep your tattoo looking fresh and vibrant for years to come. Tattoo making is an art and which is trending really well in the world of fashion. The precise aftercare techniques will slightly differ based on the healing process stage youre in. Once the Vaseline has been washed off, you should apply a thin layer of a fragrance-free and dye-free lotion recommended by the tattoo artist or doctor. Getting a tattoo is much safer now than in years past. Generally, there's no need for Vaseline on a new tattoo whatsoever. Were not saying to ignore your tattoo artists advice for aftercare. What happens if you accidentally scratch a tattoo. A&D Ointment For Tattoos: How Well Does It Work? James is a talented tattoo artist with a passion for creating unique and personalized designs. If it gets into the tattooed area, it can cause the tattoo to become smudged or blurred. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Because the petrolatum-powered formula has occlusive properties . If you trust your tattoo artist to permanently mark you up for life, trust their experience with recommending aftercare. Too much moisture can cause the ink to spread and make your tattoo blurry. If someone recommended cocoa butter for tattoo aftercare, you might want a second opinion. But, how will you shower as your tattoo is healing? Important Tattoo Aftercare Steps YouMustEnsure You Take. Rosenbaum BE, et al. We avoid using tertiary references. They will likely have a better suggestion for an aftercare product that wont interfere with the healing process. Some of these products include petroleum jelly, Aquaphor, and Lubriderm. When overusing Vaseline as a medication in pushing the healing process, you have accidentally created a "nothing comes or in" barrier covering your tattoo, which is formed by Vaseline, not only doesn't play a good role in caring for your tattoos but also skip your skin from breathing fresh air, and slow down the healing process. The main risk is that Vaseline can trap bacteria against the skin, leading to an infection. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This means keeping the tattoo clean and moisturized. If youre using Vaseline on your new tattoo, its best to consult with your artist. The Answer May Surprise You. Apply a layer of antibacterial/Vaseline ointment twice a day, but don't put on another bandage. Use it for no more than 2 days essentially at the time of taking bath only. You cant change the past, so if youre currently using vaseline on your new tattoo while reading this then just stop using it and begin to use a product that is more suitable during thetattoo aftercare phase. Because of this, it is not recommended to use Vaseline on a tattoed skin. Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. But I don't know a single tattoo artist that recommends its use during the healing process. The prevent acne and breakout, we still recommend you only use thin Vaseline layers on the tattoed skin or elsewhere. A keloid is a type of raised scar. Super hydrating. 2. It is important to note that Aquaphor can cause tattoo ink to run, so it is important to test it on a small area before using it on a larger tattoo. You should also be aware that Vaseline and other petroleum-based products can actually break down materials such as latex and nitrile (rubber) in as little as 20 minutes. 2. Petroleum jelly products, such as brand-name Vaseline, work by trapping moisture into your skin. Vaseline does not fade tattoos. The product is commonly used as a moisturizer for dry, sensitive, or damaged skin. If you have dry skin, these are helpful. See a certified medical professional for diagnosis. Its also important to note that while Vaseline can be used during the healing process, once the tattoo has healed you should switch to a water-based moisturizer to prevent ink fading. (2018). Shannon-Missal L. (2016). However, youll want to verify this with your tattoo artist first. You wouldn't even let your mom touch it without thoroughly disinfecting her hands first. What If Im Already Using Vaseline On My New Tattoo. It can also help to prevent the tattoo from fading. Remove bandage after a minimum of 2 hours. The price: under roughly $ 700 you will wake up with perfect brows. Options include products formulated specifically for tattoo healing, a fragrance-free moisturizer with water listed as the first ingredient, like Eucerin, Curel, or Lubriderm, or natural moisturizers like, Stay out of the sun, or keep your tattoo covered with loose clothing while it heals. Tweet. After shower clear off the Vaseline with lukewarm water and no perfumed soap. And if you start to experience any redness, swelling, or itching, stop using the product immediately and contact your doctor. It can help to keep the tattoo moist and protected while it heals. Another reason not to use petroleum jelly on a new tattoo is that it can have undesirable consequences with regard to the tattoo ink if used too much or kept on for too long. Products containing artificial scents and colorings can also causeproblems as they are commonly known to cause irritation tonew tattoos. This article is provided with the understanding that it does not constitute medical or professional advice or services. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Petroleum jelly traps moisture and bacteria, which can lead to infections and scarring if your tattoo doesn't get enough air while it's . Heres what your fresh ink needs to heal beautifully. Then follow the procedures outlined here. The ink is held in place by a network of collagen and elastin fibers. Bacteria and germs can enter the skin when a long healing process is necessary. A layer of Vaseline will protect the tattoo from the water and keep it safe and dry. If you accidentally put Vaseline on your fresh tattoo, you should start by washing the area immediately with warm water and gentle soap. They help keep your tattoo clean and free of infection while also keeping it moisturized so that it heals properly. They will be able to advise you on whether it is safe to use and how often you should apply it. . These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Here we discussed how to use Vaseline on tattoo let us read! It is also used in many cosmetic products, such as lotions and creams. A&D ointment can also be used. 4. This is because the moisture-trapping effects also block your new tattoo wound from getting air. If you choose to use Vaseline on your tattoo, be sure to clean it off regularly and apply a new layer of aftercare product. It can also be used to help protect the skin from the suns harmful rays. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Tattoo artists typically use Vaseline to cover the . Without generous amounts of fresh air due to the thick jelly, the tattoo will generally take much longer to heal. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. If youve accidentally put Vaseline on your tattoo, dont panic! Flake Facts: What's the Difference Between Dandruff and Dry Scalp? However, some tattoo artists do recommend using Vaseline for the first few days of healing as it can create a barrier that will lock in moisture and keep bacteria out [2]. None of the statements made on this website are intended to diagnose, cure, treat or prevent any disease, infection or illness. Can You Get a Tattoo Touched Up After 2 Weeks? Eyebrow microblading is a glorious gift that has literally changed my life. Follow this for 2 days then do not use Use a moisturizing skin cream or moisturizing lotion What are the benefits of using Vaseline on tattoos? This ointment is also good for sensitive skin, and it contains natural ingredients that help soothe and heal your tattoo. There are some instances where it is acceptable to use Vasile on a tattoo. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Dont use Vaseline on your fresh tattoo! During the Healing Process (If the Skin Gets Too Dry). How Long Should a Tattoo Hurt and Be Sore For? Only after it is completely healed (at least a few months) and if the area is extremely dry. Last medically reviewed on April 21, 2021, There are a number of reasons a new or old tattoo can itch. Utilizing other, more suitable creams and lotions on your tattoo during the aftercare phase should allow the sensitive skin to continue to heal and regenerate at an optimal rate while allowing the tattoo to remain well-moisturized and nourished. Is Cocoa Butter Vaseline Good For Tattoos. A fresh tattoo is bandaged for one to two hours. (2016). Once the tattoo is fully healed, you're free to apply Vaseline as a form of tattoo care, but even then, try not to overdo it. This will encourage creating a perfect environment for the growth of germs and bacteria and will allow it to multiply. Rinse your skin with room-temperature water once you've cleared most of the henna paste. (2015). Mayo Clinic Staff. Required fields are marked *, Our website uses cookies to improve your experience. However, a few things you should keep in mind before doing so: If youre like most people, you have at least one tattoo. If you are looking for a tattoo ointment that provides a little bit more protection, you can try a product called Tattoo Goo. It can clog pores and lead to breakouts. Petroleum jelly traps moisture and bacteria, which can lead to infections and scarring if your tattoo doesnt get enough air while its healing. Can I put Vaseline on my tattoo. Vaseline will hold up very well as long as a strong water jet isn't blasted directly onto the area. How To Treat Foot, Leg or Ankle Swelling After A Tattoo. 2.0.1 When is a tattoo fully healed? Discover the health risks associated with tattoos and piercings, tips for having a safe procedure, and. These are most useful for extremely dry skin problems, especially if seasonal. The first 24 hours after getting a tattoo are critical to your aftercare. The survey also showed that people with more training provide better written aftercare instructions and have higher confidence dealing with tattoo-related skin concerns. If youre worried about any damage that may have been caused by using petroleum jelly on your tattoo then wait until the area is completely healed before checking carefully for any signs of patchiness or fading. Showering with a new tattoo: You should also remember that you shouldn't be bathing (or swimming) with a new tattoo as this can lead to multiple problems just as potential fading and infections. Just make sure to clean the area and pat it dry before applying the Vaseline. Vaseline is an extremely powerful moisturiser. Because of its properties, many refer to Vaseline as wonder jelly, and even recommend it being used for tattoo aftercare and tattoo healing. This is especially true for new tattoos. This will also help alleviate itching that often occurs during the healing process. If you choose to use this product on your tattoo, be sure to use it sparingly and wash it off thoroughly when it is healed. It can take up to three months for a new tattoo to completely heal. Use water-based moisturizers on new tattoos instead. According to a survey of 32 tattoo artists, most tattoo professionals recommend an aftercare routine of washing with antibacterial soap and applying a petroleum-based ointment or unscented lotion, two to three times a day. This stuff works amazingly well during the healing process; not only by keeping your tattoo really well hydrated but also by soothing any annoying itching and irritation. Once your tattoo is exposed, wash it gently but thoroughly with a mild soap and COOL water. This is what gives them their permanence. So if youre going to use Vaseline on your tattoo, be sure to clean the area thoroughly before applying it. If you want a little extra piece of mind that comes with certified medical advice, talk with your dermatologist about tattoo care before your ink appointment. In lieu of applying a tattoo lotion after your tattoo is completed, try a thin layer of Vaseline Healing Jelly. So, you should avoid putting Vaseline on a new tattoo at all costs. However, most skin-sensitive lotions that contain natural unscented ingredients are generally fine to use on new tattoos as long as they dont contain artificial additives or harsh chemical ingredients.
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